Integrate CSS frameworks via npm for component styling. Popular frameworks: (1) Tailwind CSS: utility-first, highly customizable. Setup: npm install -D tailwindcss postcss autoprefixer; npx tailwindcss init. Configure: module.exports = { content: ['./index.html', './src/**/*.{vue,js,ts}'] }. Import in main.ts: import 'tailwindcss/tailwind.css';. Usage: . (2) Bootstrap: component library with utilities. Setup: npm install bootstrap. Import: import 'bootstrap/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css';. (3) Element Plus: Vue 3 component library. Setup: npm install element-plus. Auto-import: use unplugin-vue-components for tree-shaking. (4) PrimeVue: rich UI component set. Best practices: (1) Choose based on needs (utility-first vs components), (2) Use tree-shaking to reduce bundle size, (3) Customize theme colors in config, (4) Combine with scoped styles for component-specific CSS, (5) Use CSS modules for non-global styles. Tailwind + Vue: most popular combo in 2025, integrates with Vite via PostCSS, JIT mode for fast builds. Component libraries: provide pre-built components (buttons, forms, modals), faster development but larger bundle, use only needed components.
Vue.js Build Tools FAQ & Answers
15 expert Vue.js Build Tools answers researched from official documentation. Every answer cites authoritative sources you can verify.
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15 questionsUse rimraf for cross-platform file deletion. Setup: npm install -D rimraf. Package.json script: { "scripts": { "clean": "rimraf dist node_modules/.vite", "prebuild": "npm run clean", "build": "vite build" } }. rimraf dist removes build output, node_modules/.vite clears Vite cache. Why rimraf: works on Windows/Linux/macOS (rm -rf only Unix), handles locked files, no shell dependency. Alternative: { "clean": "shx rm -rf dist" } with shx package. Clean strategies: (1) Clean before build (prebuild hook), (2) Clean on demand (npm run clean), (3) Clean node_modules (npm run clean:all with rimraf node_modules dist). Common artifacts to clean: dist/ (build output), .vite/ (Vite cache), coverage/ (test coverage), .nuxt/ (Nuxt cache), .output/ (Nitro output). Git: add dist/, .vite/, coverage/ to .gitignore to avoid committing. Best practices: (1) Don't commit build artifacts, (2) Clean cache when switching branches, (3) CI/CD should always clean before build, (4) Use pre hooks for automatic cleanup. Performance: cleaning before build prevents stale file issues, ensures fresh build.
Vue Single File Components (SFC) use .vue extension with three sections. Structure: (HTML), . Style section: only affects this component. File organization: Components/ for reusable components, views/ for route components, composables/ for shared logic, utils/ for helpers. Import order: (1) Vue imports, (2) third-party libraries, (3) local components, (4) types, (5) composables, (6) utils. Best practices: (1) One component per file, (2) PascalCase filenames (UserProfile.vue), (3) Keep components <200 lines, (4) Extract reusable logic to composables, (5) Use TypeScript for type safety.
Component-based architecture improves code reusability, maintainability, and scalability. Benefits: (1) Reusability: write component once (Button.vue), use everywhere (), reduces code duplication by 60-80%. (2) Maintainability: small focused components (<200 lines), easier to understand and modify, isolated changes don't break other components. (3) Testability: unit test components in isolation, mock dependencies easily, test props/events/slots independently. (4) Parallel development: multiple developers work on different components simultaneously, fewer merge conflicts, faster feature delivery. (5) Separation of concerns: each component handles one responsibility (Button for clicks, Input for text entry), clearer architecture. (6) Encapsulation: scoped CSS prevents style leaks, component state private by default, explicit props/events interface. (7) Performance: lazy load components (only load when needed), tree-shake unused components, Vue's reactivity optimizes updates. Example:
Use vue-i18n library for internationalization. Setup: npm install vue-i18n@9. Create i18n config: import { createI18n } from 'vue-i18n'; const i18n = createI18n({ locale: 'en', fallbackLocale: 'en', messages: { en: { welcome: 'Welcome', greeting: 'Hello {name}' }, es: { welcome: 'Bienvenido', greeting: 'Hola {name}' } } }); app.use(i18n);. Component usage: {{ $t('greeting', { name: user.name }) }}{{ $t('welcome') }}
Scripts automate repetitive tasks and standardize team workflows. Key roles: (1) Development server: "dev": "vite" starts dev server consistently across team, (2) Build process: "build": "vite build" ensures production build uses same config, (3) Testing: "test": "vitest" runs all tests with one command, (4) Code quality: "lint": "eslint ." enforces coding standards, (5) Pre-commit checks: "prepare": "husky install" sets up Git hooks. Benefits: (1) Consistency: everyone uses same commands, reduces 'works on my machine' issues, (2) Automation: pre/post hooks run tasks automatically, (3) CI/CD integration: npm run test in pipeline, (4) Onboarding: new developers run npm install && npm run dev, (5) Documentation: scripts serve as executable documentation. Common patterns: "start" (production server), "dev" (development), "build" (production bundle), "test" (all tests), "test:unit" (unit only), "test:e2e" (E2E only), "lint" (check), "lint:fix" (auto-fix), "format" (Prettier). Advanced: "analyze": "vite-bundle-visualizer" shows bundle composition. Security: avoid running untrusted scripts, audit dependencies regularly. Best practice: keep scripts simple, document complex ones, use tools (husky, lint-staged, commitlint) for quality gates.
Use Vite's build command for optimized production bundles. Command: npm run build (runs vite build from package.json). Process: (1) Reads index.html as entry point, (2) Bundles all dependencies with tree-shaking, (3) Minifies JS/CSS, (4) Generates hashed filenames for cache busting, (5) Outputs to dist/ directory. Configuration: vite.config.ts: export default { build: { target: 'es2015', outDir: 'dist', assetsDir: 'assets', sourcemap: false, minify: 'esbuild', rollupOptions: { output: { manualChunks: { vendor: ['vue', 'vue-router', 'pinia'] } } } } };. Build output: dist/index.html, dist/assets/.js (hashed), dist/assets/.css (hashed). Serve locally: npm run preview (serves dist/ for testing). Optimizations: (1) Lazy loading routes, (2) Code splitting with dynamic imports, (3) Tree-shaking unused code (Vite automatic), (4) Asset compression (gzip/brotli via server). Build stats: --report flag shows bundle analysis. Production vs dev: NODE_ENV=production enables minification, removes debug warnings, optimizes Vue runtime. Deploy: upload dist/ to static hosting (Netlify, Vercel, Cloudflare Pages, S3+CloudFront).
Combine lazy loading, tree-shaking, and code splitting for smaller bundles. Techniques: (1) Route-level lazy loading: const UserProfile = () => import('./views/UserProfile.vue'); in router, loads components only when route accessed, reduces initial bundle by 40-60%. (2) Tree-shaking: Vite/Rollup removes unused code automatically, use ES modules (import/export) not CommonJS (require), avoid side effects in modules. Vue 3 tree-shakeable: built-in components like
Use localStorage for client-side data persistence with proper error handling. Basic usage: localStorage.setItem('user', JSON.stringify(user)); const user = JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem('user') || '{}');. Vue composable pattern: export function useLocalStorage
Install Vue DevTools browser extension (Chrome/Firefox/Edge). Features: (1) Component tree: inspect component hierarchy, select component to view props/data/computed/methods, live edit values in real-time. (2) Timeline: track component lifecycle events (created, mounted, updated), see event emissions, measure render performance, time-travel debugging (rewind app state). (3) Pinia inspector: view store state, track mutations/actions, modify state directly, see getters values. (4) Performance: identify slow components, measure render time per component, detect unnecessary re-renders, use Vite Inspect to see file sizes. (5) Custom events: track $emit events, see event payload, trace event flow through components. (6) Routing: inspect current route, view route params/query, see navigation history. Usage: open browser DevTools, select Vue tab, inspect components. Live editing: click component in tree, edit data/props in right panel, see immediate UI update. Performance tab: record timeline, analyze component render times, find bottlenecks (red bars = slow). Best practices: (1) Use in development only (disabled in production), (2) Name components for easier debugging, (3) Use Timeline for tracking state changes, (4) Profile performance before optimization. 2025 features: enhanced Composition API support, real-time error detection, improved performance profiling.
Use browser DevTools for systematic CSS debugging. Process: (1) Inspect element: right-click element, 'Inspect', see applied styles in Styles panel, crossed-out styles are overridden. (2) Computed styles: Computed tab shows final calculated values, includes inherited styles, click value to see source. (3) Box model: visualize margins, borders, padding, content dimensions, identify layout issues (overlapping, unexpected spacing). (4) Common issues: Specificity conflicts: more specific selector wins (inline > ID > class > element), use DevTools to see overridden styles. Z-index problems: check stacking context (position, transform, opacity create new contexts). Flexbox/Grid: DevTools has dedicated Flexbox/Grid inspector, shows gaps, alignment, distribution. CSS not loading: check Network tab for 404 errors, verify path in link tag. Scoped styles not working: ensure